Research on MALATE DEHYDROGENASE as A Drug Target Or Biomarker

Target Name: Malate dehydrogenase

NCBI ID: P46842

Malate dehydrogenase

Other Name(s): MDH

Research on MALATE DEHYDROGENASE as A Drug Target Or Biomarker

Malate dehydrogenase (MDH), a nonspecific subunit of the enzyme Malate dehydrogenase complex (MDH), is a critical enzyme involved in the metabolism of malate, which is a key step in the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or TCA cycle. In this article, we will discuss the research on MDH and its potential as a drug target or biomarker.

The citric acid cycle is a central metabolic pathway that generates energy in the form of ATP from the food we consume. It is a crucial pathway for the production of energy by the cell and is involved in the biosynthesis of many essential molecules, including amino acids, nucleotides, and lipids. The MDH enzyme is a key enzyme in the cycle, responsible for the conversion of malate to succinyl-CoA, which is then converted to CoA and further to fatty acids.

MDH is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the superfamily of oxidoreductases, which are a type of enzyme that catalyze the transfer of electrons from reduced molecules to oxidative molecules. The protein has a molecular weight of approximately 46 kDa and a calculated pI of around 7.0. It is expressed in most tissues and is involved in the metabolism of a wide range of compounds, including malate, succinyl-CoA, and CoA.

Potential drug targets

The potential use of MDH as a drug target is based on its involvement in the citric acid cycle and the fact that it is a transmembrane protein. Several studies have identified potential drug targets for MDH, including the inhibition of the activity of MDH by small molecules, such as inhibitors of the enzyme's catalytic active site, binding sites, or transport mechanisms.

One of the most promising strategies for targeting MDH is the inhibition of its catalytic activity by small molecules, such as inhibitors of the enzyme's active site. Active site inhibitors are a class of drugs that interact with the enzyme's active site, leading to a reduction in the rate of catalytic cycles and an inhibition of the production of ATP.

Several studies have shown that inhibitors of the active site of MDH, such as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-7-pyruvate (1MP), can inhibit the enzyme's catalytic activity and decrease the production of ATP. Additionally, inhibitors of the transport mechanisms of MDH, such as the Michaelis-Menten kinetics, have also been shown to inhibit the enzyme's catalytic activity.

In addition to inhibitors of the enzyme's catalytic activity, inhibitors of the binding sites of MDH have also been shown to be potential drug targets. Binding site inhibitors work by binding to the enzyme's binding site and preventing it from interacting with other molecules, which can inhibit the enzyme's catalytic activity.

Biomarkers

The potential use of MDH as a biomarker is based on its involvement in the citric acid cycle and the fact that it is a critical enzyme in the cycle. Several studies have shown that the levels of MDH are affected by a wide range of factors, including diet, exercise, and disease.

One of the most promising strategies for using MDH as a biomarker is the measurement of the levels of the enzyme in biological samples, such as blood, urine, or tissue. By measuring the levels of MDH in these samples, it is possible to assess the impact of different factors on the enzyme's levels and to identify potential biomarkers for disease.

For example, one study showed that the levels of MDH in blood were significantly increased in individuals with heart disease compared to individuals without heart disease. Another study showed that the levels of MDH in urine were significantly increased in individuals with urinary tract cancer compared to individuals without cancer.

In addition to the measurement of MDH levels, the analysis of gene expression and protein levels can also be used as biomarkers for disease. For example, one study showed that gene expression levels of

Protein Name: Malate Dehydrogenase (nonspecified Subtype)

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•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
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The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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